Koyi game da sabunta ma'aunin UL 1449 Surge Protective Devices (SPDs), ƙara buƙatun gwaji ga samfuran a cikin yanayin danshi, galibi ta amfani da gwaje-gwajen zafin jiki da danshi akai-akai. Koyi menene mai kare girgiza, da kuma menene muhallin danshi.
Ana ɗaukar masu kare hauhawar jini (Na'urorin Kare Ƙarar Jiki, SPDs) a matsayin mafi mahimmancin kariya ga kayan lantarki. Suna iya hana tarin wutar lantarki da canjin wutar lantarki, don kada kayan aikin da aka kare su lalace ta hanyar girgizar wutar lantarki kwatsam. Mai kare hauhawar jini na iya zama cikakkiyar na'ura da aka tsara daban-daban, ko kuma za a iya tsara ta a matsayin wani ɓangare kuma a sanya ta a cikin kayan lantarki na tsarin wutar lantarki.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ana amfani da na'urorin kariya na gaggawa ta hanyoyi daban-daban, amma koyaushe suna da matuƙar mahimmanci idan ana maganar ayyukan tsaro. Ma'aunin UL 1449 wani abu ne da masu aikin yau suka saba da shi lokacin da suke neman damar shiga kasuwa.
Tare da ƙaruwar sarkakiyar kayan lantarki da aikace-aikacensa a cikin masana'antu da yawa, kamar fitilun titi na LED, layin dogo, 5G, na'urorin lantarki na lantarki da na motoci, amfani da haɓaka masu kare hauhawar ruwa yana ƙaruwa cikin sauri, kuma ƙa'idodin masana'antu ba shakka suna buƙatar ci gaba da tafiya tare da lokaci da kuma ci gaba da sabuntawa.
Ma'anar Muhalli Mai Danshi
Ko dai NFPA 70 ce ta Ƙungiyar Kare Gobara ta Ƙasa (NFPA) ko kuma National Electrical Code® (NEC), an bayyana "wurin danshi" a sarari kamar haka:
Wurare masu kariya daga yanayi kuma ba sa cika da ruwa ko wasu ruwaye amma suna fuskantar matsakaicin danshi.
Musamman ma, tanti, baranda a buɗe, da ginshiƙai ko rumbunan ajiya masu sanyaya, da sauransu, wurare ne da "ke fuskantar danshi mai matsakaici" a cikin lambar.
Lokacin da aka shigar da mai kare girgiza (kamar varistor) a cikin samfurin ƙarshe, yana yiwuwa saboda an shigar da samfurin ƙarshe ko ana amfani da shi a cikin yanayi mai zafi mai canzawa, kuma dole ne a yi la'akari da cewa a cikin irin wannan yanayi mai danshi, mai kare girgiza Ko zai iya cika ƙa'idodin aminci a cikin yanayin gabaɗaya.
Bukatun Kimanta Aikin Samfuri a Muhalli Masu Danshi
Yawancin ƙa'idodi suna buƙatar a bayyane cewa samfura dole ne su wuce jerin gwaje-gwajen aminci don tabbatar da aiki yayin zagayowar rayuwar samfurin, kamar zafin jiki mai yawa da zafi mai yawa, girgizar zafi, girgiza da abubuwan gwajin faɗuwa. Don gwaje-gwajen da suka shafi yanayin danshi mai kwaikwayon, za a yi amfani da gwaje-gwajen zafin jiki da danshi akai-akai azaman babban kimantawa, musamman zafin jiki na 85°C / zafi na 85% (wanda aka fi sani da "gwaji biyu na 85") da zafin jiki na 40°C / zafi na 93% Haɗin waɗannan saitin sigogi guda biyu.
Gwajin zafin jiki da danshi na yau da kullun yana da nufin hanzarta rayuwar samfurin ta hanyar hanyoyin gwaji. Yana iya kimanta ƙarfin hana tsufa na samfurin, gami da la'akari da ko samfurin yana da halayen tsawon rai da ƙarancin asara a cikin yanayi na musamman.
Mun gudanar da binciken tambayoyi kan masana'antar, kuma sakamakon ya nuna cewa adadi mai yawa na masana'antun samfuran ƙarshen suna yin buƙatun kimanta zafin jiki da danshi na masu kariyar ƙaruwar ruwa da sassan da aka yi amfani da su a ciki, amma ma'aunin UL 1449 a wancan lokacin bai sami daidaito ba. Saboda haka, dole ne masana'anta su gudanar da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje da kansu bayan sun sami takardar shaidar UL 1449; kuma idan ana buƙatar rahoton takardar shaida na ɓangare na uku, yuwuwar aikin da aka ambata a sama zai ragu. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da samfurin ƙarshen ya nemi takardar shaidar UL, zai kuma fuskanci yanayin cewa rahoton takardar shaida na abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin gida ba a haɗa su cikin gwajin aikace-aikacen yanayi mai danshi ba, kuma ana buƙatar ƙarin kimantawa.
Mun fahimci buƙatun abokan ciniki kuma mun ƙuduri aniyar taimaka wa abokan ciniki su magance matsalolin da suka fuskanta a ainihin lokacin aiki. UL ta ƙaddamar da tsarin sabunta daidaito na 1449.
An ƙara buƙatun gwaji masu dacewa zuwa ga ma'aunin
Kwanan nan ma'aunin UL 1449 ya ƙara buƙatun gwaji ga samfuran da ke wurare masu danshi. Masu kera za su iya zaɓar ƙara wannan sabon gwajin a cikin shari'ar gwaji yayin neman takardar shaidar UL.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, gwajin amfani da yanayin danshi galibi yana ɗaukar gwajin zafin jiki da danshi akai-akai. Mai zuwa yana bayyana hanyar gwajin don tabbatar da dacewa da Varistor (MOV)/Bututun Fitar da Iskar Gas (GDT) don aikace-aikacen muhallin danshi:
Da farko za a yi gwajin tsufa a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai yawa da zafi mai yawa na tsawon awanni 1000, sannan za a kwatanta ƙarfin varistor na varistor ko ƙarfin rushewar bututun fitar da iskar gas don tabbatar da ko abubuwan kariya na ƙaruwa na iya daɗewa. A cikin yanayin danshi, har yanzu yana riƙe da aikin kariya na asali.
Lokacin Saƙo: Mayu-09-2023